The method of determining viscosity with this instrument consists of measuring the time for a known volume of the liquid the volume contained between the marks a and b to flow through the capillary under the influence of gravity. One way to measure viscosity is through the use of ostwald viscometer. In everyday terms it is like the thickness of a fluid or gas. Put a certain amount of liquid in the large bulge viscometer and pull it by pipette until the small bulge is full. Information from its description page there is shown below.
Viscometers are used to measure the viscosity of a fluid under defined flow conditions. The viscometer with the sample is immersed in a water bath so that it attains the desired temperature. Both are ushaped pieces of glassware with a reservoir on one side and a measuring bulb with a capillary on the other. Insert the viscometer into a holder and place in constant temperature bath.
After each measurement series, clean the viscometer carefully. Brookfield cone and plate viscometer rheometer gap setting. Following the invention of the haberbosch process for ammonia, he patented its catalytic oxidation to nitric acid. The ubbelohde viscometer is closely related to the ostwald viscometer. The group recorded the time required for the upper meniscus of the liquid samples to subsequently pass the two calibration marks of the. Experiment 3 experiment no 3 measurement of viscosity of. The rotary viscometer must be adjusted until it is exactly vertical. Turn the viscometer to normal position and wipe tube a clean. The determination of viscosity with a capillary viscometer is based on poiseuilles law and. The rva is ideal for fingerprinting the viscosity, hydration and degree of cook of wide range of products. A standard ball is allowed to fall down this tube over a calibrated distance of 100 mm. Raptis, an ultrasonic instrument for measuring density and viscosity of tank waste, in science and technology for disposal of radioactive tank wastes, proceedings of the american chemical society symposium on science and technology for disposal of radioactive tank wastes, ed. Determination of viscosity by using ostwald type, suspendedlevel and rotating viscometer ankur choudhary print question forum no comments the determination of viscosity of newtonian liquids is carried out by means of a capillary viscometer unless otherwise specified.
Hence, these instruments measure the drag caused by the interaction between the fluid and the object surface. Points to remember while performing the experiment in a real laboratory. Another version is the ubbelohde viscometer, which consists of a ushaped glass tube held vertically in a controlled temperature bath. This type of work assumes more importance as the amount of experimental work in collection and correlation of properties such as viscosity. A viscometer also called viscosimeter is an instrument used to measure the viscosity of a fluid. Microostwald viscometer, calibrated for automatic measurement.
Viscometer article about viscometer by the free dictionary. A design of a modified ostwald viscometer in which the opposing hydrostatic head is maintained constant. A n ostwald viscometer, which contains a vertical capillary tube t, is widely use for comparing the viscosities of two liquids. Ostwald viscometer, also known as utube viscometer or capillary viscometer is a device used to measure the. Viscosity measurement using ostwald s viscometer amrita university. The values of co and b shown below are based on a coefficient of thermal expansion typical to that for a mineral oil. The liquid is introduced at s, drawn by suction above p, and the time t 1 taken for the liquid level to fall between the fixed marks, p, q is observed. The most common types of viscometer are capillary, rotary, fallingsphere, and ultrasonic.
Determination of viscosity of organic solvents procedure. Determination of viscosity using ostwald viscometer with. Determination of viscosity by using ostwaldtype, suspendedlevel and rotating viscometer ankur choudhary print question forum no comments the determination of viscosity of newtonian liquids is carried out by means of a capillary viscometer unless otherwise specified. Ostwald viscometers measure the viscosity of a fluid with a known density. It is recommended for higher viscosity cellulosic polymer solutions. One way to measure viscosity is through the use of ostwald. The objective was to determine the viscosity of a number of normal saturated alcohols by means of an ostwald viscometer. If your application is not listed below, click on industries in the menu bar and link to your industry for more applications information. The measurement is determined by noting the time required for the fluid to flow a certain distance through tubing of a specific diameter. To do this, use the adjustment screws of the support base and control the adjustment with the help of the spirit level on the viscometer. In 1884, ostwald was sent the doctoral thesis of a young swede, svante arrhenius, which described the conductivities of acids, bases and salts. Calculation of viscometer constants for cannonfenske. The device utilizes direct or reverse flow of the test fluid through a ushaped tube to measure the fluids viscosity. Finally measure the dependence of the moment of rotation on the frequency in the range of 0.
D bottle known as pyknometer also, stand, beaker, unknown liquid, distilled water. A liquid is introduced into the reservoir then sucked through the capillary and measuring bulb. In his thesis, arrhenius argued that these compounds dissociated into charged species ions. The different types of viscometry instruments have either the fluid stationary and let the object pass through the fluid or viceversa. Such viscometers include those of the utube varieties or the brookfield.
Ostwald viscometer, rubber tube with screw pinch cock, relative density r. Ostwald was electrified by the suggestion and concluded that acids must all share a common ion. The known volume of the liquid is indicated by the mark found above and below the upper bulb of the viscometer. Ostwald viscometer was previously calibrated using water. Instrumentation electronics devices and applications. Ostwalds fame grew and he became professor at leipzig, germany. While there are several variations of the utube viscometer, three of the most wellknown are the ostwald, cannonfenske and ubbelohde. An ostwald viscometer, also known as a viscosimeter, is a device used to measure fluid viscosity under one type of flow condition. Borosilicate glass ostwald oil viscometer, thermocap plus capillary viscometer baths, made with borosilicate glass. Pg flash allows you to create repeatable custom tests on your pc and then uploaded to any dv2t viscometer or dv3t rheometer. Stokes law can be used to calculate the viscosity of the fluid. Ostwald viscometer is use to determine viscosity of newtonian fluid.
Falling sphere viscometer the falling ball viscometer is based on stokes law. It is commonly known as utube viscometer or capillary viscometer. Amrita virtual lab project website ostwalds viscometer is a traditional viscometer to measure the viscosity of a liquid. In our experiment we will be measuring the mass of equal volumes of liquid so that the. The devices were designed to determine kinematic viscosity at 40c in the field for applications where immediate results are essential for determining the health of critical equipment. When you enter the lab, switch on the exhaust fan and make sure that all the chemicals and reagents required for the experiment are available. Ostwald s viscometer is a traditional viscometer to measure the viscosity of a liquid. Ostwald viscometer tube outflow time of 80 to 100s with water. Download datasheet view specs viscometers portable kinematic viscometer minivisc 3000 supplier. Determination of viscosity by using ostwaldtype, suspended. Allow 10 minutes for viscometer to reach equilibrium at 100f 38c or 15 min at 210f 98.
Lower the viscometer until the surface of the liquid exactly. With its timed measurement function, data can easily be sent to a pc or printer. Calculation of viscometer constants for cannonfenske routine. Viscosity of newtonian and nonnewtonian liquids rotary. Experiment viscosity abstract to measure the relative and absolute viscosities of distilled water, methanol, ethanol and propanol, ostwald cannon fenske viscometer was standardized and used. Clean the viscometer by the water and ethanol and dry it. Capillary viscometers are used to measure viscosity from 10 5 newton. For more accurate measurements it is held in a controlled temperature bath. Knowing the values for the reference liquid and relation 3, we get. These devices are also known as glass capillary viscometers or ostwald viscometers, named after wilhelm ostwald. Ostwald viscometer is a commonly used viscometer, which consists of a u shaped. A simple u shaped glass apparatus used to compare the flow of liquids by using the time that the liquid takes to flow under gravity. Ostwald viscometer tube outflow time of 80 to 100s with. Applications of ostwald viscometer and stokes law of.
Ostwald viscometer tube outflow time of 80 to 100s with water at 20c. The force of friction which one part of the liquid offers to another part of the liquid is called viscosity. Viscosity measurement using ostwalds viscometer amrita university. The device was developed by the german chemist leo. An ubbelohde type viscometer or suspendedlevel viscometer is a measuring instrument which uses a capillary based method of measuring viscosity. Brookfield cone and plate viscometerrheometer gap setting. Viscometers thermo scientific haake viscotester 1 plus and 2 plus rotational viscometers quickly and reliably measure viscosity using the thermo scientific haake viscotester 1 plus and 2 plus rotational viscometers. Calibrate the instrument by using different calibration standards. The school experiment uses glycerol as the fluid, and the technique is used industrially to. The apparatus consists of a short length of glass tubing leading to a bulb that acts as a high reservoir. It consists of capillary tube and two reservoir bulbs 3.
Apr 27, 2015 falling sphere viscometer the falling ball viscometer is based on stokes law. The method of determining viscosity with this instrument consists of measuring the time for a. Group i 1 to find out type of alkalinity and estimate alkalinity present in the given water sample. Apr 16, 2020 the ostwald viscometer is also known as a utube viscometer or capillary viscometer. This fluid viscosity represents the fluids resistance to flow. Determination of viscosity by ostwald viscometer the viscosity of liquid is a resistance to flow of a liquid. Viscosity measurement using ostwalds viscometer amrita. Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of fluid to an applied stress. To determine the viscosity and effect of concentration of unknown solution using a ostwald viscometer. Viscometer an instrument for the determination of viscosity.
The determination of viscosity with a capillary viscometer is based on poiseuilles law and consists in the measurement of the flow time of a known quantity volume of liquid or gas through narrow tubes of circular cross section capillaries with a given pressure drop. Viscometer applications for starch, ingredients, food. Ostwald viscometer virtual simulation maria limniou. The advantage of this instrument is that the values obtained are independent of the total volume. For liquids with viscosities which vary with flow conditions, an instrument called a rheometer is used.
The experiment utilizes the ostwald viscometer in measuring the viscosity of the samples. It is based on the principles of flow through capillary tubes. The need for properties is ever increasing to make processes more economical. Experiment 1 viscosity measurement purpose the purpose of this experiment is to measure the viscosity of a glycerinwater mixture with a thomasstormer viscometer.
In the honour of hagenpoiseuille the unit of viscosity is called the poise p. Jul 12, 2010 ostwald s viscometer is a traditional viscometer to measure the viscosity of a liquid. Collect comprehensive flow data quickly and easily with the use of the supplied powder flow. Buy and find information on ostwald viscometer tubes from, product number z275409. Borosilicate glass ostwald oil viscometer, mechanics system 2 physics kit, thermocap plus capillary viscometer baths, made. When the liquid flow by gravity time required for the liquid to pass between two mark a and b through the capillary tube is determined. Ostwald viscometer is a commonly used viscometer, which consists of a ushaped glass tube held vertically. You will have the opportunity to view a video of the correct use of the viscometer.
A weight, w, is used to drive a rotor that is partially submerged in a sample of liquid. Ostwalds viscometer is a traditional viscometer to measure the viscosity of a liquid. The experiment id then repeated with the same volume of a second liquid, and the time t 2 for the liquid level to. Successful communication is indicated by a green light beside the port designation. Measures viscosity and temperature simultaneously with an optional temperature probe with a choice of 18 different speeds. Viscometer in chemical applications viscometer basic information the viscosity rheology describes by means of a measurement the flow behavior of the liquids and gases. A continuous sensing capability for rapid viscosity measurement makes this economical dv1 digital viscometer a standout. Put viscometer vertically in the water bath at the desired temperature. Ostwald viscometer, also known as utube viscometer or capillary viscometer is a device used to measure the viscosity of the liquid with a known density. In industry viscometer and rheometer are traditionally used for the quality control in order to determine these physical features. In one arm of the u is a vertical section of precise narrow bore the capillary. Nov 17, 20 ostwald viscometer virtual simulation maria limniou. In one arm, the bulb a is connected with a fine capillary.
A viscometer also called viscosimeter is an instrument used to measure the viscosity and flow parameters of a fluid. The dv1m viscometer communicates to the pc through usb a port. Oct 17, 2015 viscosity measurement using ostwald viscometer 1. Always wear lab coat and gloves when you are in the lab. Let us consider two plates having the same area, laying parallel to each other.
In the viscometer a sample of liquid was charged from tube 1 to bulb c, so that level in the arm stands at the mark. Determination of viscosity of liquid using ostwald viscometer. Practical manual shri ramdeobaba college of engineering. In order to obtain the highest degree of accuracy in viscosity testing, a fullservice viscometer must be. He defined the idea of catalysis, coined the word mole, and contributed to thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and colloids.
138 1417 390 1473 1147 1161 804 1538 346 43 663 513 101 163 822 1660 557 874 1464 393 1095 1386 1055 720 447 1072 466 576 143 1319 1202 661 565 691 447 84 488